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Organoid Intelligence ushers in a new era by seamlessly integrating cutting-edge organoid technology with the power of artificial intelligence. Organoids, three-dimensional miniature organ-like structures cultivated from stem cells, offer an unparalleled opportunity to simulate complex human organ systems in vitro. Through the convergence of organoid technology and AI, researchers gain the means to accelerate discoveries and insights across various disciplines. Artificial intelligence algorithms enable the comprehensive analysis of intricate organoid behaviors, intricate cellular interactions, and dynamic responses to stimuli. This synergy empowers the development of predictive models, precise disease simulations, and personalized medicine approaches, revolutionizing our understanding of human development, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions. Organoid Intelligence holds the promise of reshaping how we perceive in vitro modeling, propelling us toward a future where these advanced systems play a pivotal role in biomedical research and drug development. 

Abstract Cardioids are 3D self‐organized heart organoids directly derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) aggregates. The growth and culture of cardioids is either conducted in suspension culture or heavily relies on Matrigel encapsulation. Despite the significant advancements in cardioid technology, reproducibility remains a major challenge, limiting their widespread use in both basic research and translational applications. Here, for the first time, we employed synthetic, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐degradable polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐based hydrogels to define the effect of mechanical and biochemical cues on cardioid development. Successful cardiac differentiation is demonstrated in all the hydrogel conditions, while cardioid cultured in optimized PEG hydrogel (3 wt.% PEG‐2mM RGD) underwent similar morphological development and comparable tissue functions to those cultured in Matrigel. Matrix stiffness and cell adhesion motif play a critical role in cardioid development, nascent chamber formation, contractile physiology, and endothelial cell gene enrichment. More importantly, synthetic hydrogel improved the reproducibility in cardioid properties compared to traditional suspension culture and Matrigel encapsulation. Therefore, PEG‐based hydrogel has the potential to be used as an alternative to Matrigel for human cardioid culture in a variety of clinical applications including cell therapy and tissue engineering. 

Abstract In this review, we explore the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in advancing the biomedical applications of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)‐derived organoids. Stem cell‐derived organoids, these miniature organ replicas, have become essential tools for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. However, analyzing the vast and intricate datasets generated from these organoids can be inefficient and error‐prone. AI techniques offer a promising solution to efficiently extract insights and make predictions from diverse data types generated from microscopy images, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. This review offers a brief overview of organoid characterization and fundamental concepts in AI while focusing on a comprehensive exploration of AI applications in organoid‐based disease modeling and drug evaluation. It provides insights into the future possibilities of AI in enhancing the quality control of organoid fabrication, label‐free organoid recognition, and three‐dimensional image reconstruction of complex organoid structures. This review presents the challenges and potential solutions in AI‐organoid integration, focusing on the establishment of reliable AI model decision‐making processes and the standardization of organoid research.